FAT32:

Maximum number of files: 268,173,300
Maximum number of files per directory: 2^16 - 1 (65,535)
Maximum file size: 2 GiB - 1 without LFS, 4 GiB - 1 with

NTFS:

Maximum number of files: 2^32 - 1 (4,294,967,295)
Maximum file size
Implementation: 2^44 - 2^6 bytes (16 TiB - 64 KiB)
Theoretical: 2^64 - 2^6 bytes (16 EiB - 64 KiB)
Maximum volume size
Implementation: 2^32 - 1 clusters (256 TiB - 64 KiB)
Theoretical: 2^64 - 1 clusters (1 YiB - 64 KiB)

ext2:

Maximum number of files: 10^18
Maximum number of files per directory: ~1.3 × 10^20 (performance issues past 10,000)
Maximum file size
16 GiB (block size of 1 KiB)
256 GiB (block size of 2 KiB)
2 TiB (block size of 4 KiB)
2 TiB (block size of 8 KiB)
Maximum volume size
4 TiB (block size of 1 KiB)
8 TiB (block size of 2 KiB)
16 TiB (block size of 4 KiB)
32 TiB (block size of 8 KiB)

ext3:

Maximum number of files: min(volumeSize / 2^13, numberOfBlocks)
Maximum file size: same as ext2
Maximum volume size: same as ext2

ext4:

Maximum number of files: 2^32 - 1 (4,294,967,295)
Maximum number of files per directory: unlimited
Maximum file size: 2^44 - 1 bytes (16 TiB - 1)
Maximum volume size: 2^48 - 1 bytes (256 TiB - 1)